Abstract—Fluoride is an acute toxin and is deemed to be slightly more dangerous than even lead. Hence in order to determine the fluoride content, various Indian ground water samples were taken and estimated before and after the pre-treatment i.e. removal of metal ions by way of treatment in a distillatory and their results were compared. Optimum amounts of Alumina, pH and time required were calculated for removing the fluoride efficiently from water, keeping in mind the important factors like cost, energy, labor and power consumption. Spectrometer was used in this analysis to obtain the concentration of the fluoride. It was found that 40g of Indian alumina with a pH of 4 and a running time of 40 min for the jar apparatus reduced the fluoride content from 16.2mg/l to 2.1mg/l
Index Terms—fluoride, water, optimum, alumina
Balaaji V.B is with the Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, India (tel.: +91-9952040621; e-mail: reddevils.bala@gmail.com).
Shashank Ravi is with the Department of Chemical Engineering, SriVenkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sri Perumbudur, India (e-mail: badri.90@gmail.com).
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Cite: R. Shashank and V.B. Balaaji, "Fluoride Estimation and Reduction in Indian Water Samples using Optimum Alumina, pH and Time of Operation," International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 38-41, 2011.
